-
The simplest way is to add some tiny radius fillet to the vertical edges, thus they will act as a guide for the large fillets at the bottom.
-
Another option is to split the resulting fillets where the vertical walls end (or manually set those vertical fillets to 0, which ends them in the intended place), and then create revolved fillets manually.
-
Third solution is to split the failed fillets, then extend (Type=Line, Merge=No or Merge=Yes), then split the excess portion of both surfaces.
I made a quick video tutorial showing those solutions step by step: