Hello
Its is surely more a curvature than a derivative. Try with a constant slope line. Derivative is non null if non horizontal and curvature is surely 0.
You are mixing things up, the derivative is the measure of change, not a coordinate/position. In the sine you are measuring the derivative with respect to X, how y changes when x changes, while in the curve you are measuring with respect to the tangent, how position in the curve changes when t changes. So it simply doesn’t make sense to use the Y coordinates of how the tangent changes on the curve while ignoring how your derivate changes with respect to X.