If you apply some transparency to a an object in the Rhino document, then look in ObjectAttributes.ObjectColor for that object, it ignores the object color’s actual A value - the color returned is the fully opaque RGB color, the transparency (A) is always set to 255. To test, set an object semi-transparent via Properties, then run:
import rhinoscriptsyntax as rs
import scriptcontext as sc
obj_id=rs.GetObject(preselect=True)
rhobj=sc.doc.Objects.Find(obj_id)
color=rhobj.Attributes.ObjectColor
print color.A,color.R,color.G,color.B
It seems to be already possible to apply transparency to an object via script, but without the above working, I don’t see how to get an object’s existing transparency level.