I would also say that Rhino/Grasshopper may not be the perfect tool for the task.
However, have a look at Flexhopper, which you could be used to simulate and spread fluid droplets and splashes:
The splash simulation is part of the Flexhopper examples.
Simulating the cracks in the ballon surface seems to be a very complex problem and would require a crack simulation (e.g. using XFEM).
If you just want to create these ballon patches, then one approach could be to create a simple mesh sphere, deform it and remove different regions of faces using very edgy curves.