I think you might need to crank those settings up significantly, to get rid of those artefacts.
I would set minimum edge length to zero (so it doesn’t have any effect).
Then I would try to increase the initial grid quads to at least 200-300 or more.
Use preview to see the effect this has.
Finally you can reduce edge to surface to effect mesh resolution in curved areas. Here I would start with 0.005 (in case your units are mm) and see from there where this is getting you.
Does preview not give you a wireframe view of the mesh?
For increased resolution in the curvy parts change maximum edge length to a smaller value. I find that simple planes gives very ugly meshes, so I have that typically turned off.