this has been done before and I believe it is done with circle packing!
Imagine loads of circles packed into that space. Smaller radii inside the blue line and gradually increasing as you move outwards.
Then put a dot at the centre of the circles!
You can do this with some tools in the Kangaroo plugin,
It has been done on this forum a lot if you search circle packing.
From the dots on a golf ball to dome structures and I’m pretty sure there was a speaker design.
https://discourse.mcneel.com/t/equal-point-spacing-within-confind-space-incl-borders/155991
The Image based circle packing tool in Kangaroo is amazing. You could create a simple graduated greyscale image which controls the radii of your circles…
Image-based Circle Packing within a polygonal limit - Grasshopper / Kangaroo - McNeel Forum