In thinking about this some more, I realize my method is flawed and so this great solution will result in tangency…

But not a tangent intersection

If the tangent start is disconnected

The challenge is to find the intersection with a linear method (without iteration) such that disconnecting the tangent start does not affect the resulting curve shape
This code demonstrates the problem. Connecting/Disconnecting the Tangent Start will show the challenge - to find Tangency based on the CURVE intersection, not just a point on the circle.
CircleTangency 001.gh (12.2 KB)