Rendering time comparison (example file included)

I’m happy to report my rendering is going very quickly with large complex files running Yosemite 10.10.2
I have only two problems.
The first is no big deal. Materials keep duplicating themselves and new materials I save either disappear or get renamed as duplicates.
The second is a bit of an issue and very time consuming. It takes ages to apply a modification to a material in a large file. If I remove the object and put it in a new file i can apply a change to the material instantly and then paste back to the original file. If I try to modify it in the file it can take overnight and often I just have to force quit and start again.
Happy to upload a sample file if that will help.
I never use skylight. It floods my scene with light if I turn it on.
T

Hardware Overview:

Model Name: iMac
Model Identifier: iMac11,3
Processor Name: Intel Core i5
Processor Speed: 2.8 GHz
Number of Processors: 1
Total Number of Cores: 4
L2 Cache (per Core): 256 KB
L3 Cache: 8 MB
Memory: 12 GB
Processor Interconnect Speed: 4.8 GT/s
Boot ROM Version: IM112.0057.B01
SMC Version (system): 1.59f2
Serial Number (system): W81132SFDB5
Hardware UUID: E1CAB3EA-F8FF-5E15-AAD4-0CCFF7D0A673