Rebuild to higher degree - "Chaotic" control points

Comments and complaints have been made that when a curve or surface is rebuilt to a higher degree, particularly with the same or fewer control points as the input curve/surface, the control points of the resulting curve/surface can look chaotic. This “chaos” is in part due to a fundamental differences in NURBS curves and surfaces as the degree increases: the higher the degree the broader the influence of each control point for a given number of control points.

File with the examples below and more:
Degree Control Pts 01.3dm (54.8 KB)

Consider a simple 3 spand degree 3 curve with 6 control points:

Try creating an equivalent single span degree 5 curve also with 6 control points. This one was created using the development rebuild method available in the current V9 WIP, Elmo. It is close to the original curve but still has control points which are much more spread than the input degree 3 curve.

Anyone have a single span degree 5 curve which is as close to the original degree 3 curve as Elmo produced but with control points closer to the degree 3 curve locations?

Why are the control points of the single span degree 5 curve not close to the 3 span degree 3 curve? Here is a single span degree 5 curve with the same contol point locations as the degree 3 curve. It obviously has a very different shape.

Before going further let’s look at the result of the current (V8 and previous) Rebuild command. It has control points even further out than the Elmo result. This is because the current Rebuild method uses interpolation to a sparse set of points, and interpolation and produce oscillations with the magnitude of the oscillations increasing as the degree increase. Elmo using a fitting method rather than interpolation which inherently decreases, but not eliminate) oscillations away from the input curve.

To be continued.

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Why do higher degree curves/surfaces, particularly single span curves/surfaces, derived from multi-span lower degree curves/surfaces sometime have chaotic appearing control points? The primary reason is the how the influence of control points changes as the degree of the curve/surface increases.

Consider a degree 3 curve with 6 control points and 4 spans, and a degree 5 curve with 6 control points and 1 span; with the control points initially arranged in a straight line. The locations of the control points of the degree 3 and degree 5 curves coincide.

Move a pair of coinciding control points vertically by the same amount. Note that degree 3 curve has a higher amplitude deformation than the degree 5 curve for the same movement of control points, except at the ends. The effect of moving the control points is more spread out for the degee 5 curve than the degree 3 curve. Repeat for all the pairs of control points and the results are similar.

The higher degree of a curve/surface the lower the amplitude of the change of the curve/surface in response to moving a single control point, and the broader the change is. This is true for both NURBS curves and surfaces.

The net effect is to create a particular shape with a higher degree curve/surface control points need to be moved more. In some cases the necessary moves can appear to be chaotic.

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