Hi Filip -
This is from your Rhino 6/7 image:
Are you saying that this is the desired behavior? That is, what you see on the layout is NOT what you will get when you print that layout?
In Rhino 8, when you print from a layout, the resulting output will be as what is displayed in the layout.
For both annotations, hatches, and linetypes, if you know that you will be using layouts to print from, you define those objects so that they are what they need to be on the layout. You then scale those up to something that looks fine in model space.
For legacy purposes, when files were originally created in Rhino 7 or earlier and the definition and scale were primarily chosen to work in model space and PDF output from a layout is expected to reflect the model space look, you can turn on Print and Display -> Use model units in the linetype definition.
-wim