Have revolved dome

How would I go about making this half dome that is in the middle of this part?

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so the challenge is mainly to draw the curve that is getting revolved.

my recommendation for beginners is to draw some kind of custom grid.
_rectangle - the outer rectangle
than use sub-Selection (cmd+shift click on mac) and use gumball to numerically copy the edges to the rest of the positions (alt click on arrows)
(later you can learn how to use modelling aids - and less or none of those additional red grid lines, but they are a great start for many workflows)

inside this grid you can draw an initial set of lines / arcs
_line
_arc (check the help, check the option direction at start, end)
(green)
then use
_join
_fillet
_chamfer
for the details
(blue)

it is important that the arc at the left is perpendicular to the later axis of revolution.

finally it s a simple full revolve
_revolve
start of axis → 0
enter for z-Axis
F for Full Circle

I recommend to draw this aligned in world coordinates - taking care of the symmetry.
in this case the world z axis should be the axis of revolution

above is the basic version - now the more detailed, more advanced fine tuning:
As your question focuses on the central surface:
the above apporach will result in a surface with a collapsed edge - resulting in the center of the revolve - the hightest point or pole (not sure if this is technical correct word).
for some applications this might be nice, because you can snap to this point.

for some applications or further workflows (meshing, flowalongsrf, …) this might be not perfect.
you can build a partial sphere (also as an revolve - see attached document ) - this will result in a single, simple surface, no inner seam, no pole / endpoint

the final result nearly looks the same

but the generated meshes are different

here s the file
ashtray.3dm (8.9 MB)

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