This is very odd behaviour. Creating an aligned dimension, then adjusting its Linear Resolution changes the dimensions alignment (and dimension). Note that it is snapped to circle centre then shifts to circle border.
Disabling “Update children” makes the issue disappear. So there must be some conflict with History.
This wouldn’t be the first time I’ve seen something like that happened with dimensions which is why I have Update children always off and only turn it on if I absolutely need to.
Edit: However, I can’t recreate this from scratch. If I copy the object into a new scene and draw the dimension there, the problem persists. But if I draw my own circle and angled line, then it doesn’t happen. So I wonder, what’s so special about your curves that makes the bug manifest.